Geothermal Isn't Expensive: The Reservoir Always Has the Final Say Somewhere beneath a volcanic ridge, a drill bit is turning through rock that has not moved in two million years. It costs money every second it turns. And nobody on the surface — not the engineer, not the financier, not the minister who announced the megawatts — knows yet whether that well will produce steam or silence. That single moment explains almost everything people get wrong about geothermal energy. Geothermal is routinely described as expensive, slow, capital-hungry and haunted by drilling risk. Investors are reminded that tens of millions can disappear underground before a single megawatt reaches a grid. All of that is true. But it is not the whole truth. The uncomfortable question the industry keeps avoiding is this: is geothermal expensive, or is the way we develop geothermal making it expensive? Those are two completely different problems. One is geology. The other is us. Why Geothermal Refuses to Be...
1. China is the leader in wind power generation, with continued rapid growth in new wind facilities. With it's large land mass and long coastline , China has exceptional wind power resources: Estimated China has about 2,380 gigawatts (GW) of exploitable capacity on land and 200GW on sea. Wind power remained China’s third-largest source of electricity at the end of 2022, accounting for 8.2% of total power generation.
- European Union has a total installed wind capacity of about169.3 gigawatts (GW). A total of 15,680 MW of wind power was installed, representing 55% of all new power capacity, and the wind power generated 336 TWh of electricity, enough to supply 24.8% of the EU's electricity consumption. wind power is likely to continue to grow in the European Union. According to a European Environment Agency report, wind energy can play a major role in achieving the European renewable energy targets.
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Fig 1: Top 10 Countries by Cumulative Wind Capacity
2. United States From January through December 2022, More than 379.8 terawatt-hours were generated by wind power, or 12.46% of electricity in the United States. The average wind turbine generates enough electricity in 46 minutes to power the average American home for one month. wind power surpassed hydroelectric power as the largest renewable energy source in the U.S.
As of January 2022, the installed wind power nameplate generating capacity in the USA was 135,843 megawatts (MW).This capacity is exceeded only by China and the European Union.
3.Germany's wind is growing industry. The installed capacity is more than 55.6 gigawatts (GW) at the end with 5.2 GW from offshore installations. a quarter of the country's total electricity was generated using wind power.
More than 30,786 wind turbines are located in the German federal area, and the country has plans for further expansion.[Germany also has a number of turbine manufacturers, like Enercon, Nordex and Senvion.
Fig 2: Top 10 Countries by added Wind Capacity
4. India As of 31 December 2022, the total installed wind power capacity was 41.93 gigawatts (GW), Wind power capacity is mainly spread across the southern, western, and northwestern states.
Wind power costs in India are decreasing rapidly. The levelized tariff of wind power reached a record low of ₹2.43 (3.0¢ US) per kWh during auctions for wind projects in December 2017.the levelized tariff increased to ₹2.77 (3.5¢ US) per kWh in March 2021. In December 2017, union government announced applicable guidelines for tariff-based wind power auctions to bring more clarity and minimize the risk to the developers.
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Fig 3: Growing number of wind gigawatt-markets
Source: Wikipedia.org
#WindPower #World #2022 #Renewableenergy
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